Galdieria · Aim 1 · Heterotrophic screen · results

Heterotrophic screen — live results

Seven isolates, now growing in the dark on a kiwifruit-sugar blend (glucose / fructose / sucrose, ~10 g/L). Day 0 (T0) is logged below; growth curves and phycocyanin re-accumulation populate as timepoints come in. Beneath that sits the carbon-starvation prep that set the starting line.

Screen

T0 logged

7 isolates × 4 flasks inoculated on kiwifruit sugar.

Densest start

CM1.2Y

OD₇₅₀ 0.053; KP1.2Y lowest at 0.008.

Baseline phycocyanin

RTK37.1

Highest per-biomass PC — the one to watch on regrowth.

1

Heterotrophic screen — Day 0 (T0)

The screen's starting line: seven starved isolates inoculated into ~10 g/L kiwifruit sugar (42.9% glucose / 47.2% fructose / 9.9% sucrose). Each isolate runs as 3 sugar-fed (+C) replicates plus a no-carbon (−C) control — the −C is what will prove any growth is sugar-driven, not residual reserves. Values are blank-subtracted neat OD₇₅₀; total biomass = +C OD × flask volume (50 mL V4 + 2 mL sugar + inoculum; no evaporation at t=0). Replicate precision is excellent where signal allows — CM1.2Y's +C flasks agree to ~1%, while the dilute isolates carry ~10–12% CV purely because they sit just above the reader's floor. (1:3 / 1:9 wells are at noise — neat only until cultures climb past ~OD 0.4.)

Isolate+C OD₇₅₀ (n=3)CV %+C total biomass−C ctrl OD₇₅₀
CM1.2Y0.05413.290.053
RK1.20.037112.180.040
CM1.1G0.035122.030.041
CM1.3Y0.026111.430.032
RTK37.10.02391.250.020
RK1.30.016100.890.018
KP1.2Y0.00860.410.010

These t=0 values are the denominators for every later metric — specific growth rate (µ) and per-biomass phycocyanin re-accumulation. Flask weights are banked as the t=0 reference; their change over coming days gives per-flask evaporation for the volume correction. Watch the −C controls stay flat (true heterotrophy) and for two-phase growth as the cells work glucose → fructose → (acid-inverted) sucrose. Growth curves render here as Day 1+ arrives.

2

Heterotrophic growth — Day 1 (~24 h)

The first growth point. Every sugar-fed (+C) culture has grown 1.1–2.0× in 24 h while the no-carbon (−C) controls held flat — genuine, sugar-driven heterotrophy across all seven isolates. Phycocyanin here is the direct fluorescence read (ex 590 / em 670), not the spectral index used for the starvation phase. Absolute phycocyanin is roughly constant while biomass climbs, so specific PC dips on Day 1 — the cells are dividing faster than they re-make pigment; the question is whether it rebounds toward stationary.

Biomass — +C trajectory (Day 0 → 1)OD₇₅₀
0.0000.0190.0390.0580.0770.000.250.500.751.00DayCM1.2YRK1.2CM1.3YRTK37.1CM1.1GRK1.3KP1.2Y
Sugar-fed cultures, neat OD₇₅₀. All climbing; the matching −C controls (not shown) sit flat near their Day-0 values.
IsolateD0 +CD1 +C+C fold−C ctrl D1PC (RFU)specific PC
RK1.30.0160.0322.00×0.010421302
RTK37.10.0230.0411.78×0.0271573821
RK1.20.0370.0621.68×0.0371432312
CM1.3Y0.0260.0421.62×0.03311262
KP1.2Y0.0080.0131.62×0.00900
CM1.2Y0.0540.0701.30×0.0501682395
CM1.1G0.0350.0381.09×0.0351283377
Growth in 24 h — +C fold-change×
0.000.571.141.712.282.00RK1.31.78RTK37.11.68RK1.21.62CM1.3Y1.62KP1.2Y1.30CM1.2Y1.09CM1.1G
RK1.3, RTK37.1 and RK1.2 fastest off the mark; CM1.1G slowest. Controls all sit at ~1× (no growth).
Specific phycocyanin — Day 1 (PC ÷ OD₇₅₀)
01,0892,1783,2674,3563,821RTK37.13,377CM1.1G2,395CM1.2Y2,312RK1.21,302RK1.3262CM1.3Y0KP1.2Y
RTK37.1 leads on per-biomass pigment. KP1.2Y reads 0 — it makes no phycocyanin despite growing on sugar.
  • Heterotrophy is real and general — all seven +C cultures grew, the −C controls did not. Leaders: RK1.3 (2.0×), RTK37.1 (1.8×), RK1.2 (1.7×); CM1.1G slowest (1.1×).
  • RTK37.1 is the early front-runner — top per-biomass phycocyanin and 2nd-fastest grower.
  • KP1.2Y makes zero phycocyanin (0 RFU both days) yet grows on sugar — likely a pigmentless heterotroph, not a producer. CM1.3Y is a genuine low producer (~10× below the main group).

Phycocyanin is now read directly by fluorescence (corrects an earlier report that said pigment data was missing — it was present, just stacked under each Biomass row). Total-biomass / total-PC volume corrections follow once Day-1 flask weights are logged.

3

Biomass — the starve worked

Volume-corrected total biomass. Flat-to-declining for every isolate is the starvation signature: internal reserves are spent and nothing is growing, so the no-carbon control will read as a true negative. The Day-1 dip is an evaporated-state sampling artifact (raw OD over-reads when a flask has dried down); dividing by volume removes it.

Total biomass — carbon-starve timecourse (day 0–3)OD₇₅₀ × mL
0.04.08.012.016.00.00.81.52.33.0Starvation dayCM1.2YRK1.2CM1.1GCM1.3YRTK37.1RK1.3KP1.2Y
IsolateDay 0Day 1Day 2Day 3Verdict
CM1.3Y8.57.38.87.3plateaued
CM1.1G9.08.19.37.7plateaued
CM1.2Y14.613.613.211.3declining
RK1.210.48.08.07.7plateaued
RK1.33.03.53.53.2plateaued
RTK37.16.04.64.84.8plateaued
KP1.2Y2.93.12.92.6declining
4

Phycocyanin — who's carrying the product

Phycocyanin is the target product. Because the isolates started at different biomass, the metric that matters now is specific PC — pigment per unit biomass — not the total. On that measure RTK37.1 leads through Days 0–1, so if it grows well it could out-produce a bigger but pigment-poorer isolate. Every isolate bleaches to near-zero by Day 3 as phycobilisomes are degraded for reserves, so the per-biomass ranking is only meaningful Days 0–2 (Day 3 is dividing noise by noise).

Specific phycocyanin over time — PC ÷ biomass (day 0–3)PC index ÷ biomass
0.000.080.170.250.340.00.81.52.33.0Starvation dayRK1.3CM1.2YCM1.1GRK1.2CM1.3YKP1.2YRTK37.1
Per-biomass pigment content (volume-independent — the evaporation artifact cancels). RTK37.1 is highest through Days 0–1; all bleach by Day 3.
Specific phycocyanin at Day 0 (PC ÷ biomass)
0.000.080.170.250.340.29RTK37.10.28CM1.2Y0.26KP1.2Y0.24RK1.30.23RK1.20.19CM1.3Y0.16CM1.1G
Healthy-state ranking (spectral index; superseded by the Day 0–1 fluorescence reads above).
Total phycocyanin — index × volume (day 0–3)A₆₂₀ index × mL
0.001.112.213.324.420.00.81.52.33.0Starvation dayCM1.2YCM1.1GRK1.2CM1.3YRK1.3RTK37.1KP1.2Y
Sheer amount (biomass × content) — CM1.2Y leads today; all collapse through the starve.
5

Reading the field so far

What the starting line says — and what it does not.

  • Specific PC is the metric that matters now. The isolates started at different biomass, so per-biomass pigment — not the total — is the fair comparison at this stage. RTK37.1 carries the highest specific PC (Days 0–1), so the working hypothesis is that once it gets growing it out-produces the others on pigment.
  • CM1.2Y still carries the most total product today (biomass × content, ~2× the next) and sits second on specific PC — a strong all-rounder and the one to beat on sheer output.
  • KP1.2Y carries no phycocyanin. The direct fluorescence read (Day 0–1 screen) shows a flat 0 RFU — it makes none, even while growing on sugar. This corrects an earlier note here: the spectral A₆₂₀ index wrongly placed it mid-pack (scatter, not signal). It is best treated as a pigmentless heterotroph, not a producer.
  • This is a baseline, not a verdict. Phycocyanin is degraded during the dark starve (everything bleaches to near-zero by Day 3), so the real ranking comes from the heterotrophic growth phase, just inoculated — who regrows fastest and re-accumulates the most pigment on sugar. That is the test of the RTK37.1 hypothesis.

Methods: total biomass = least-suppressed OD₇₅₀ (neat or dilution back-calc) × flask volume at sampling. Phycocyanin index = blank- and scatter-corrected A₆₂₀ − A₇₅₀ from the plate-reader wavelength scan; total PC = index × volume. Day 3 decoded from a 180°-rotated plate. Reads captured OD₇₅₀ + spectra only — pigment values are spectral indices, not calibrated concentrations.